Vitamin B12 is necessary for humans to live healthy lives, but because it is not often found in plant foods, vegetarians and vegans are often short on B12. Chronic vitamin B12 deficiency can result in anemia that both reduces your body's ability to absorb B12, and result in a negative health state that may potentially affect other bodily systems.
Describing vitamin B12 deficiency paints a scary picture, but helping to fill nutritional gaps can be easy as vitamin B12 supplements are commonly available. In fact, some governments require that certain foods be fortified with vitamins to help maintain public health and well being.
The Mayo Clinic recommends that all people over the age of 14 should get a minimum 2.4 micrograms of B12 daily. This dosage recommendation is increased to 2.6 mg for pregnant women, and 2.8 mg for breastfeeding women. Mayo notes that in some cases, older adults may be prescribed higher doses by a physician.
The result is that you may get all of the vitamin B12 you need from your morning bowl of cereal. Some brands of plant milk (none specifically endorsed here) are fortified with B12 specifically for the vegetarians and vegans who enjoy them. Some soy products are similarly supplied to meet the needs of those who don't get B12 from animal foods. Always read packages carefully, because this fortification step is not an industry standard.
you're concerned that you may be missing out on your daily B12 boost, eating these fortified foods may help you to meet your daily dietary requirements. If you don't want to eat cereal or other fortified foods for whatever reason, there are other ways to get what you need.
Vitamin B12 also comes in supplemental forms that are familiar to all.
- Pressed Pills and Gelcaps. As expected, many vitamin B12 supplements are available as pills and capsule/getcaps. Various dosages are available. The nutrient included may have been produced synthetically or taken from uncommon plant food sources like algae. Similar dosage levels are included in gummy vitamin supplements for children or those who don't enjoy swallowing pills.
- Multivitamins. Vegetarian and vegan multivitamins are frequently used to ensure that a complete daily dosage of all required vitamins and nutrients is received by the individual. As above, vegetarian multivitamins may synthesize their B12 or get it from plants not normally eaten in daily life.
- Special Products and Snacks. Vegans should always be looking for products marketed to vegans, as they may include vitamin B12. Drinks, seaweed snacks, and smoothies may be good places to look.